The benefits of surface cleaning are well known to the coating industry. Silicone, in particular, is harmful to coatings even if only a trace amount (parts per million) exists on the metal surface. Surface contaminations such as grease, oil and dirt have a significant adverse effect on the E-coating formation and bonding strength. Song, in Corrosion of Magnesium Alloys, 2011 Surface cleaning Another layer below the gold is made from much cheaper titanium nitride TiN which means scratching away to the steel below is unlikely with such strong protection.B.L. The gold layer is usually not more than 0.3 microns thick which is less than a 1/30th of a thin layer of traditional gold plaqué. The metal is vaporised as mentioned above. PVD gold can also replace more traditional gold plating. The end result is also relatively lightweight, so easy to wear and the coating means watches are five times stronger than standard stainless steel ones. IP plating with most materials produces a more scratch resistant (harder) surface. IP plated stainless steel is often offered in both matt and polished finishes. Throughout the jewellery industry IP is available in a range of colours, though, most commonly used in black, brown, rose gold and yellow gold. The increase in life in the metal-forming processes studied was even longer. The coatings were found to increase the life of the tools by two to ten times compared with ‘naked’ tools with the same cutting abilities. These results are compared with the performance of tools (with and without coatings) used in industrial metalworking processes.
Tools have been put through bending-under-tension friction tests. The beneficial properties of ion-plated titanium nitride coatings on tools have also been examined. For this reason ion plating (IP) technology replacing the traditional “wet” plating method seems to be the way things are headed to achieve a dazzling durability which stands out when used for watches and jewellery. The ion plating technology reduces the amount of plated material needed, which helps to reduce the cost of the whole plating process. The term “permanent coating” can be used with some conviction in this case. The greatest bonus of this process is that the titanium nitride produced is both harder and chemically more stable than that produced through traditional plating methods. When used with titanium, the purpose of ion plating is to alter the look of the metal and offer something more appealing and marketable. The strengthening technique will build up a super surface hardness. It then becomes electric ions when heated and bombarded by electrons, known also as plasma. At extremely low pressure metal will vaporise. As part of the process the plating metal is added (for example to produce a rose gold colour), normally not exceeding 0.3 urn in thickness. Using magnets, ion plating is carried out in a vacuum environment. The ionised titanium is then bonded using pressure to form the surface coating (1,200 on the Vickers hardness scale).
In the process a titanium nitride layer is added to the stainless steel component. Ion plating is a PVD process that uses reactive electron beam evaporation – calling on titanium which is vaporised though heating the alloy to over 2,000 ° C.
Titanium grown by the iodide, or crystal bar, process
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